About this tour
On the slopes of the Posillipo hill it is possible to admire one of the most beautiful and perhaps least known places in the city of Naples, namely the Vergiliano Park in Piedigrotta. This park is located in Salita della Grotta, just behind the church of Santa Maria di Piedigrotta and within walking distance of the Mergellina subway station.
Today, Vergiliano Park is famous for housing several monuments, most notably the alleged tomb of the poet Virgil (70 B.C.-19 B.C.) who spent many years of his life in Naples and is considered almost a protective father of the city.
History of a timeless monument
Parco Vergiliano is a garden area that includes part of the eastern slope of the Posillipo promontory. At the entrance there is a shrine installed by Viceroy Pietro d'Aragona in 1668 and containing 2 inscriptions in which the presence of Virgil's burial is also noted.
In fact, in a niche in the wall you can see a bust of Virgil placed on a pillar in 1931 as a tribute by students of the Ohio Academy. At the end of the second flight of stairs you can see the park's other major monument, Leopardi's tomb, moved to this site in 1939.
Climbing further up you come to the entrance to the Crypta Neapolitana, a very ancient tunnel of about 700 meters dug into the tuff in the Augustan period. Passing then through this tunnel we come to Virgil's tomb, the structure of which looks like a concrete construction formed by a cubic base supporting a cylindrical drum.
This burial mausoleum built of opus reticulatum in the years of imperial Rome presents a square-plan burial chamber with a barrel vault and loopholes. The walls, however, show 10 small niches that in the past served to house cinerary urns. Today the monument appears dilapidated and almost overhanging as the Roman-era ground level does not match that of today.
Doubts about its authenticity
Already a century after the Latin poet's death, this place has become sacred to all his admirers and has long been a destination for pilgrimage by great intellectuals such as Statius, Pliny the Younger and Silio Italico.
In later centuries a great many Italian and foreign writers and artists, including Boccaccio, Petrarch, and Cino da Pistoia, would speak of Virgil's tomb. From the 12th century onward to the written accounts also began to circulate some popular legends passed down orally.
However, doubts and controversies about the authenticity of the tomb continue to exist, especially with reference to what was said by Elio Donato, a biographer of Virgil who lived in the fourth century AD. According to the latter, the poet was buried on the Via Puteolana at Mile II.
Popular folklore, however, has never doubted the tomb's identification: here rest the mortal remains of the supreme Virgil, protector of Naples and creator of the Crypta Neapolitana with its magical powers.
How and when to visit Virgil's tomb
Vergilian Park is located in Ascent of the Cave and access is free of charge. Admission times, on the other hand, are as follows:
- Wednesday through Monday, 10:00 a.m. to 2:50 p.m. (in winter months)
- Wednesday through Monday from 9:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. (during summer months)